오라클 RMAN(Recovery MANager)으로 데이타베이스 백업하기
1. RMAN 접속하기
$ rman target / Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 31 16:39:53 2017 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. connected to target database: FOX (DBID=1129132255) RMAN>
또는,
$ rman Recovery Manager: Release 11.2.0.1.0 - Production on Wed May 31 16:40:42 2017 Copyright (c) 1982, 2009, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. RMAN> connect target / connected to target database: FOX (DBID=1129132255) RMAN>
2. RMAN 기본 파라메터 보기
RMAN> show all; RMAN configuration parameters for database with db_unique_name FOX are: CONFIGURE RETENTION POLICY TO REDUNDANCY 1; # default CONFIGURE BACKUP OPTIMIZATION OFF; # default CONFIGURE DEFAULT DEVICE TYPE TO DISK; # default CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP OFF; # default CONFIGURE CONTROLFILE AUTOBACKUP FORMAT FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO '%F'; # default CONFIGURE DEVICE TYPE DISK PARALLELISM 1 BACKUP TYPE TO BACKUPSET; # default CONFIGURE DATAFILE BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG BACKUP COPIES FOR DEVICE TYPE DISK TO 1; # default CONFIGURE MAXSETSIZE TO UNLIMITED; # default CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION FOR DATABASE OFF; # default CONFIGURE ENCRYPTION ALGORITHM 'AES128'; # default CONFIGURE COMPRESSION ALGORITHM 'BASIC' AS OF RELEASE 'DEFAULT' OPTIMIZE FOR LOAD TRUE ; # default CONFIGURE ARCHIVELOG DELETION POLICY TO NONE; # default CONFIGURE SNAPSHOT CONTROLFILE NAME TO '/oracle/product/11gr2/dbs/snapcf_fox.f'; # default RMAN>
3. 백업셋 확인하기
RMAN> list backupset;
List of Backup Sets
===================
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
1 Full 939.34M DISK 00:00:51 06-APR-17
BP Key: 1 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170406T005057
Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_04_06/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20170406T005057_dgb4m22g_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 1
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1005969 05-APR-17 /oradata/fox/system01.dbf
2 Full 1005969 05-APR-17 /oradata/fox/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1005969 05-APR-17 /oradata/fox/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1005969 05-APR-17 /oradata/fox/users01.dbf
5 Full 1005969 05-APR-17 /oradata/fox/data/fox_data01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
2 Full 9.33M DISK 00:00:01 06-APR-17
BP Key: 2 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170406T005057
Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_04_06/o1_mf_ncnnf_TAG20170406T005057_dgb4nt8g_.bkp
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1005969 Ckp time: 05-APR-17
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
3 Full 939.58M DISK 00:00:58 31-MAY-17
BP Key: 3 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170531T162518
Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_05_31/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20170531T162518_dlwvyz99_.bkp
List of Datafiles in backup set 3
File LV Type Ckp SCN Ckp Time Name
---- -- ---- ---------- --------- ----
1 Full 1006458 31-MAY-17 /oradata/fox/system01.dbf
2 Full 1006458 31-MAY-17 /oradata/fox/sysaux01.dbf
3 Full 1006458 31-MAY-17 /oradata/fox/undotbs01.dbf
4 Full 1006458 31-MAY-17 /oradata/fox/users01.dbf
5 Full 1006458 31-MAY-17 /oradata/fox/data/fox_data01.dbf
BS Key Type LV Size Device Type Elapsed Time Completion Time
------- ---- -- ---------- ----------- ------------ ---------------
4 Full 9.36M DISK 00:00:01 31-MAY-17
BP Key: 4 Status: AVAILABLE Compressed: NO Tag: TAG20170531T162518
Piece Name: /oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_05_31/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20170531T162518_dlww1180_.bkp
SPFILE Included: Modification time: 31-MAY-17
SPFILE db_unique_name: FOX
Control File Included: Ckp SCN: 1006485 Ckp time: 31-MAY-17
RMAN>
4. 전체 데이타베이스 백업
– 압축을 하지 않으려면 아래에서, ‘as compressed backupset’을 빼면 됨.
RMAN> backup as compressed backupset database; Starting backup at 31-MAY-17 allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=23 device type=DISK channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set input datafile file number=00001 name=/oradata/fox/system01.dbf input datafile file number=00005 name=/oradata/fox/data/fox_data01.dbf input datafile file number=00002 name=/oradata/fox/sysaux01.dbf input datafile file number=00003 name=/oradata/fox/undotbs01.dbf input datafile file number=00004 name=/oradata/fox/users01.dbf channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 31-MAY-17 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 31-MAY-17 piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_05_31/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20170531T164956_dlwxf4vz_.bkp tag=TAG20170531T164956 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:01:15 channel ORA_DISK_1: starting compressed full datafile backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: specifying datafile(s) in backup set including current control file in backup set including current SPFILE in backup set channel ORA_DISK_1: starting piece 1 at 31-MAY-17 channel ORA_DISK_1: finished piece 1 at 31-MAY-17 piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_05_31/o1_mf_ncsnf_TAG20170531T164956_dlwxhjyl_.bkp tag=TAG20170531T164956 comment=NONE channel ORA_DISK_1: backup set complete, elapsed time: 00:00:01 Finished backup at 31-MAY-17 RMAN>
5. backups 삭제
BS key가 5인 백업셋의 삭제는 아래와 같다. BS key는 list backupset 결과에서 확인 가능하다.
RMAN> delete backupset 5; allocated channel: ORA_DISK_1 channel ORA_DISK_1: SID=15 device type=DISK List of Backup Pieces BP Key BS Key Pc# Cp# Status Device Type Piece Name ------- ------- --- --- ----------- ----------- ---------- 5 5 1 1 AVAILABLE DISK /oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_05_31/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20170531T164956_dlwxf4vz_.bkp Do you really want to delete the above objects (enter YES or NO)? yes deleted backup piece backup piece handle=/oracle/flash_recovery_area/FOX/backupset/2017_05_31/o1_mf_nnndf_TAG20170531T164956_dlwxf4vz_.bkp RECID=5 STAMP=945449396 Deleted 1 objects